用于动脉瘤无线诊断的线圈感应器
加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)的研究人员开发出了一种技术用来监视大脑动脉瘤，这种技术比当前的方法具有潜在的优势：扩散性更低、精确度更高。重要的是，这种技术可供患者在家中实现经常性的监测。
当往大脑供血的动脉的脆弱血管壁开始隆起成泡时，会发生大脑动脉瘤。如果动脉裂开，出血会导致中风、脑损伤或死亡。如果要制出一个能阻止血液流向动脉脆弱区域的塞子，外科医生通常是插入一个由微型铂金线圈制成的“栓塞”移植物。
UBC的研究人员现在设计出了一种监测技术，能够与现有的铂金移植工具及程序相兼容。在此类研究中的第一次研究中，该研究小组证实，使用铂金移植物作为“天线”无线检测血液水平及可能的移植失败是可行的。他们的研究结果将发表在《Biosensors and Bioelectronics》上。
“这是一种全新的检测大脑栓塞的技术，我们的实验室实验相当成功。”文章的主要作者Kenichi Takahata说。Kenichi Takahata是电子及计算工程学副教授，其研究领域包括微感应器、智能移植物、纳米技术及无线微型设备。
“作为早期检测方法，我们所提出来的这种可以供病人在家中实现不间断的监测，”主持了该项研究的博士后Abdolreza Rashidi Mohammadi说。“我们期望在2到3年内能做出雏形。”
目前，要检查栓塞是否仍然在起作用的唯一方法就是对病人进行高剂量X射线CT扫描或血管造影，这些扩散性程序涉及导尿管以及注射染料以高亮大脑血管。两种方法均不易于病人进行经常性检测。
动脉瘤会发生在任何血管中，通常无法检测，除非发生血管破裂或渗漏。大脑中动脉瘤是一种常见的类型，影响高达60%的人群。每年大约有33000的北美人发生血管破裂导致中风，死亡率高达60%，而存活病人中50%出现永久性行动不便。（生物探索译）
相关英文论文摘要：
Radio aneurysm coils for noninvasive detection of cerebral embolization failures: A preliminary study
The rupture of a cerebral aneurysm is the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Endovascular embolization of the aneurysms by implantation of Guglielmi detachable coils (GDC) has become a major treatment approach in the prevention of a rupture. Implantation of the coils induces formation of tissues over the coils, embolizing the aneurysm. However, blood entry into the coiled aneurysm often occurs due to failures in the embolization process. Current diagnostic methods used for aneurysms, such as X-ray angiography and computer tomography, are ineffective for continuous monitoring of the disease and require extremely expensive equipment. Here we present a novel technique for wireless monitoring of cerebral aneurysms using implanted embolization coils as radiofrequency resonant sensors that detect the blood entry. The experiments show that commonly used embolization coils could be utilized as electrical inductors or antennas. As the blood flows into a coil-implanted aneurysm, parasitic capacitance of the coil is modified because of the difference in permittivity between the blood and the tissues grown around the coil, resulting in a change in the coil's resonant frequency. The resonances of platinum GDC-like coils embedded in aneurysm models are detected to show average responses of 224–819 MHz/ml to saline injected into the models. This preliminary demonstration indicates a new possibility in the use of implanted GDC as a wireless sensor for embolization failures, the first step toward realizing long-term, noninvasive, and cost-effective remote monitoring of cerebral aneurysms treated with coil embolization.
英文论文链接：https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956566311006543
