据美国广播公司网站报道，台湾研究人员近期在医学专业杂志《柳叶刀》上发表的一份研究报告显示，每天只需锻炼15分钟，平均可延寿3年，还能降低癌症风险。
研究人员将研究对象的锻炼程度分为5档：无、低、中、高和极高。结果发现低档锻炼人群，也就是每天锻炼15分钟者死于癌症的风险能降低10%，寿命比无锻炼活动人群长3年。研究人员还指出，过去15年来人们一直认为每天锻炼30分钟是一条黄金定律，其实只要每天锻炼15分钟就能受益匪浅。
至于锻炼的方式，可以多种多样，通常中高强度锻炼是指让人感到疲惫而呼吸困难，但仍能说出话的运动，比如快走、慢跑、骑自行车、跳交谊舞等。还有人建议，每周应该进行至少150分钟的中高强度运动（比如快走）或者75分钟的高强度运动（比如跑步）。
生物探索推荐英文论文摘要：
Minimum amount of physical activity for reduced mortality and extended life expectancy: a prospective cohort study
Background
The health benefits of leisure-time physical activity are well known, but whether less exercise than the recommended 150 min a week can have life expectancy benefits is unclear. We assessed the health benefits of a range of volumes of physical activity in a Taiwanese population.
Methods
In this prospective cohort study, 416 175 individuals (199 265 men and 216 910 women) participated in a standard medical screening programme in Taiwan between 1996 and 2008, with an average follow-up of 8·05 years (SD 4·21). On the basis of the amount of weekly exercise indicated in a self-administered questionnaire, participants were placed into one of five categories of exercise volumes: inactive, or low, medium, high, or very high activity. We calculated hazard ratios (HR) for mortality risks for every group compared with the inactive group, and calculated life expectancy for every group.
Findings
Compared with individuals in the inactive group, those in the low-volume activity group, who exercised for an average of 92 min per week (95% CI 71—112) or 15 min a day (SD 1·8), had a 14% reduced risk of all-cause mortality (0·86, 0·81—0·91), and had a 3 year longer life expectancy. Every additional 15 min of daily exercise beyond the minimum amount of 15 min a day further reduced all-cause mortality by 4% (95% CI 2·5—7·0) and all-cancer mortality by 1% (0·3—4·5). These benefits were applicable to all age groups and both sexes, and to those with cardiovascular disease risks. Individuals who were inactive had a 17% (HR 1·17, 95% CI 1·10—1·24) increased risk of mortality compared with individuals in the low-volume group.
Interpretation
15 min a day or 90 min a week of moderate-intensity exercise might be of benefit, even for individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease.
Funding
Taiwan Department of Health Clinical Trial and Research Center of Excellence and National Health Research Institutes.
