美国科学家最新发现了一种可中和３０种流感病毒菌株的抗体，这为寻找流感的通用治疗方法以及研制新型流感疫苗等提供了新线索。
波士顿儿童医院等机构研究人员在新一期美国《国家科学院学报》上报告说，他们在一名男性志愿者体内发现了这种名为ＣＨ６５的中和抗体。该抗体能黏附在流感病毒表面的蛋白质“血凝素”上，从而中和流感病毒的毒性，阻断病毒入侵人体细胞。
血凝素是流感病毒表面的一类蛋白质，病毒靠它和宿主细胞结合。流感病毒血凝素常发生变异，因此研究人员需要及时跟进，不断研发对抗流感病毒的新疫苗。
领导这项研究的斯蒂芬·哈里森指出，尽管频率很低，但人体免疫系统会不断调整其对流感病毒的应答，并适时产生能中和所有流感病毒的抗体。“我们的目标就是弄清免疫系统是如何选择抗体的，并在此基础上研制更有效的疫苗。”
长久以来，全球研究人员一直在不断寻找更有效对抗流感的方法。７月，英国和瑞士科学家曾报告，他们分离出一种能中和所有甲型流感病毒的超级抗体，这项发现可能成为研制通用流感疫苗的转折点。
生物探索推荐英文摘要：
Broadly neutralizing human antibody that recognizes the receptor-binding pocket of influenza virus hemagglutinin
Abstract
Seasonal antigenic drift of circulating influenza virus leads to a requirement for frequent changes in vaccine composition, because exposure or vaccination elicits human antibodies with limited cross-neutralization of drifted strains. We describe a human monoclonal antibody, CH65, obtained by isolating rearranged heavy- and light-chain genes from sorted single plasma cells, coming from a subject immunized with the 2007 trivalent influenza vaccine. The crystal structure of a complex of the hemagglutinin (HA) from H1N1 strain A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 with the Fab of CH65 shows that the tip of the CH65 heavy-chain complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) inserts into the receptor binding pocket on HA1, mimicking in many respects the interaction of the physiological receptor, sialic acid. CH65 neutralizes infectivity of 30 out of 36 H1N1 strains tested. The resistant strains have a single-residue insertion near the rim of the sialic-acid pocket. We conclude that broad neutralization of influenza virus can be achieved by antibodies with contacts that mimic those of the receptor.
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