摘要：老年人的认知可塑性是许多研究者关心的领域。轻度认知损伤老人的认知干预近年来也引起了研究者的兴趣。然而，轻度认知损伤老人是否能从认知干预中获益，目前仍是一个存在争论的问题。
中国科学院心理健康重点实验室李会杰博士等人采用元分析的方法，试图探索轻度认知损伤老人是否仍可以表现出认知可塑性并从认知干预中获益。他们系统搜索了已有文献，最终纳入了17篇轻度认知损伤认知干预的研究。结果表明，在认知干预后，轻度认知损伤老人在总体认知和总体自评项目（比如日常生活功能、记忆自评、抑郁和焦虑情绪自评）上都获得了显著提升。具体来说，轻度认知损伤老人在情节记忆、语言、焦虑自评和日常功能上获得了中等程度的提升（moderate benefits），而在语义记忆、执行功能/工作记忆、视空间能力、注意/加工速度、简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）、记忆自评、生活质量、日常生活功能和抑郁自评上获得了较小程度的提升（mild benefits）。此外，在追踪数据中，研究者发现轻度认知损伤老人仍然在部分能力上持续获益。
该研究表明，认知干预是提升轻度认知损伤老人认知和日常生活功能的有效方法，尽管这种提升可能具有领域特异性。
这项工作受中国科学院心理研究所青年人才科研启动基金（Y0CX041S01）和中国科学院院长奖获得者科研启动专项资金（Y0CX262B01）的资助。该研究已在Ageing Research Reviews上发表。
生物探索推荐英文论文摘要：
Cognitive intervention for persons with mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis.
Abstract
Cognitive training for persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has become a hot topic. However to date it remains controversial whether persons with MCI can really benefit from cognitive intervention. We aim to further investigate this by using meta-analysis of seventeen clinical studies of cognitive intervention for MCI. The results demonstrate that after training, patients with MCI improve significantly both in overall cognition and overall self-ratings. Specifically, persons with MCI obtain moderate benefits in language, self-rated anxiety and functional ability, and receive mild benefits in episodic memory, semantic memory, executive functioning/working memory, visuo-spatial ability, attention/processing speed, MMSE, self-rated memory problem, quality of life, activities of daily life and self-rated depression. The results also suggest that persons with MCI benefit from the cognitive intervention in the follow-up data. The present meta-analysis demonstrates that cognitive intervention can be a potential efficient method to enhance cognitive and functional abilities in persons with MCI, although the improvements may be domain-specific.
