吸烟增加心脏病的风险：女性比男性大。
女性烟民更易患心脏病
根据30年的调查研究，开始抽烟的女性比抽烟成瘾的男性有更高的心脏病发作风险。在240万吸烟者中，女性患心脏病的风险比男性高25%。研究人员称原因尚不清楚。
英国心脏基金会称，这一发现尤其对刚开始抽烟的女性有警醒作用。
世界卫生组织把心脏病列为全球头号杀手，每年700万以上的人死于心脏病。
这种疾病主要归咎于选择的生活方式，以及吸烟成为主要诱因之一。明尼苏达学校的研究表明女性比男性遭受吸烟的危害更大。
从1966到2010年，获取的75组数据用于分析。研究表明女性烟民患冠心病的风险比男性烟民明显高出25%。
据认为，吸烟让男性和女性患心脏病的风险都增加一倍，该报告的作者Rachel Huxley称，还不知道吸烟为不同性别带来风险的准确值，但粗略地估计，男性因吸烟患心脏病的风险提高大约1.8倍，女性则是2.3倍。
原因不明
研究人员称，还不能准确地解释吸烟导致患心脏病风险增加，但可能的解释有2种：性别的生理差异让女性更易患冠心病，或者是女性吸烟的方式与男性的不同。
作者认为，在抽掉同样多的烟时，女性或许吸取更多的致癌物质和有毒物质。
全国心脏论坛副总裁Jane Landon称，全球很多国家中烟草公司都把女性视为新型市场。
政府应尽快地阻止烟草公司通过烟盒包装对女性的营销。（生物探索译 Pobee）
生物探索推荐英文原文
Smoking increases heart risk more in women than men
Women who start smoking increase their risk of a heart attack by more than men who take up the habit, according to a review of more than 30 years of research.
A study of 2.4 million people, published in the Lancet, showed a 25% difference in increased risk.
The reasons are unclear, say researchers.
The British Heart Foundation said the findings were "alarming" especially as women tended to smoke fewer cigarettes.
The World Health Organization lists heart disease as the world's biggest killer, affecting more than seven million people each year.
The illness is largely down to lifestyle choice and smoking is one of the main causes. A study by the University of Minnesota showed women are at greater risk from smoking than men.
It analysed 75 sets of data produced by studies between 1966 and 2010.
The report showed that: "Women had a significant 25% increased risk for coronary heart disease conferred by cigarette smoking compared with men."
Smoking was thought to double the risk of a heart attack for both men and women. The report's author Rachel Huxley said the risks adjusted for each sex were not available - but she roughly estimated them to be around a 1.8 fold increase if men start smoking and around a 2.3 fold increase for women.
Reason unknown
The researchers admit that the explanation for the increased risk is "unclear", but likely explanations fall into two categories.
Biological differences between the sexes could mean women are more vulnerable to coronary heart disease or there could be differences in the way women smoke.
The authors suggested: "Women might extract a greater quantity of carcinogens and other toxic agents from the same number of cigarettes than men."
Ellen Mason, senior cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation, said: "It's alarming to see such a large study confirm that women are so much more at risk of heart disease from smoking than men.
"Despite women generally smoking fewer cigarettes a day than men, women appear to be substantially more at risk of getting heart disease.
The chief executive of Heart UK, Jules Payne, said: "Smoking cessation policies and practice should take account of differences between the genders in order to optimise effectiveness in targeting both men and women."
Jane Landon, deputy chief executive of the National Heart Forum, said: "In many countries around the world, women are viewed as a growth market by tobacco companies.
"Government plans for plain packaging of tobacco products are urgently needed to stop the cynical marketing that particularly targets young women with slim cigarettes in small, attractive packs in appealing textures and colours."
