摘要:近日,中国海洋大学海洋环境学院“筑峰工程”教授吴立新在《自然—地球科学》(Nature Geoscience)上以第一作者身份发表了其团队在南大洋湍流混合及能量传递方面的最新研究成果。该研究首次较为完整地揭示了南大洋上层混合的空间分布和季节变化,将大洋混合研究从之前的间歇性局部调查研究推向了持续性全球观测研究的新阶段。
近些年,国际上针对南大洋混合开展了许多重大国际合作研究计划,包括DIMES和SOFINE,但是这些计划主要基于传统的船载观测设备。
本世纪初开始实施的Argo观测计划,是海洋观测史上的一次革命性进展,旨在收集全球海洋上层2000米的海水温、盐度剖面资料,从而实现对大洋环流,以及海洋内部的质量、热量和淡水输送平均状况和变化过程进行全球性描述。截止到2010年底,在整个南大洋区域,新型Argo浮标已经累计返回约6000个高分辨率剖面,为揭示整个南大洋上层混合的时空分布奠定了基础。
吴立新团队与美、德两国科学家合作率先利用这些新型浮标的观测结果对整个南大洋的上层混合进行了研究,发现南大洋的混合存在明显的空间分布不均匀性,在地形平坦处,湍流混合相对较弱,而在地形粗糙的地方,混合明显加强;另一方面,在地形平坦的地方,湍流混合存在明显的季节变化,这种季节变化信号可以一直向下延伸到1500米处。
该团队进一步研究发现,这些增强的混合是由南极绕极流而非正压潮与底地形的相互作用引起的,这改变了学界对于深层混合维持机制的传统认识。这为最终利用Argo观测计划揭示全球大洋混合及变化机理,深入理解热盐环流形成及演变过程奠定了基石, 同时也为提高海洋与气候模式对深海大洋环流变化的模拟预测能力带来了希望。
生物探索推荐英文论文摘要:
Nature Geoscience 4, Pages:363–366(2011)
doi:10.1038/ngeo1156
Seasonal and spatial variations of Southern Ocean diapycnal mixing from Argo profiling floats
The Southern Ocean is thought to be one of the most energetic regions in the world’s oceans. As a result, it is a location of vigorous diapycnal mixing of heat, salt and biogeochemical properties1, 2, 3. At the same time, the Southern Ocean is poorly sampled, not least because of its harsh climate and remote location. Yet the spatial and temporal variation of diapycnal diffusivity in this region plays an important part in the large-scale ocean circulation and climate4, 5, 6. Here we use high-resolution hydrographic profiles from Argo floats in combination with the Iridium communications system to investigate diapycnal mixing in the Southern Ocean. We find that the spatial distribution of turbulent diapycnal mixing in the Southern Ocean at depths between 300 and 1,800 m is controlled by the topography, by means of its interaction with the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The seasonal variation of this mixing can largely be attributed to the seasonal cycle of surface wind stress and is more pronounced in the upper ocean over flat topography. We suggest that additional high-resolution profiles from Argo floats will serve to advance our understanding of mixing processes in the global ocean interior.
Subject terms:Oceanography Climate science