据“中央社”5月16日报道，科学家认为，有些人一出生就注定功成名就。他们表示，成功的动力就藏在基因里，DNA决定了我们未来是否能够成功。
基因决定人能否成功
研究显示，人们是否有决心、社交与自我控制能力的强弱，多受基因支配。事实上，DNA对于这些特征的影响力，比成长环境和结交人群等因素还大。
爱丁堡大学研究人员表示，整体而言，这些人格特质能够决定将来人们能否成功。
研究人员调查了超过800对双胞胎的生活态度，以区分先天与后天带来的影响。比较同卵双胞胎与异卵双胞胎间的差异，是研究人员常用来量化基因影响力的方法。同卵双胞胎DNA与父母养育方式相同，异卵双胞胎出身背景相同，DNA却相异。
这项发表于《人格期刊》的研究指出，基因对于个性的影响大于生活方式，自我控制力尤其深受DNA影响。
基因大体上能决定我们的决心与毅力有多强，就追求成功而言，这点极为重要，因为拒绝放弃的人比遭遇小失败就退却的人，更易达成梦想。
不过就算没有“成功基因“的人也不需太过沮丧，因为研究人员表示，是否有明确目标也是能否成功的一大关键，并建议渴望成功的人让自己与众不同。
Genetic influences on psychological well‐being: A nationally representative twin study
Archontaki, Despina; Lewis, Gary J.; Bates, Timothy C.
OBJECTIVE: Psychological well-being, or eudaimonia, features strongly in theories of human development and thriving. However, the factors of eudaimonia are debated, and their genetic architecture has not been studied in detail. METHOD: A classical twin design was used to decompose behavioral variance into genetic and environmental components implemented in a multi-group, multivariate structural equation modeling framework. Subjects were 837 pairs of adult US twins from the nationally representative MIDUS II sample. Psychological well-being was measured using the 42-item Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale, which assesses autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. RESULTS: Substantial genetic influences were observed on all components of well-being. Attempts to model these 6-factors as reflecting a single common psychological mechanism gave a poor fit to the data. The best-fitting model supported the existence of five distinct genetic effects. Effects of shared-environment were weak and non-significant. Unique-environment effects for all measures were mostly trait specific. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that psychological well-being is underpinned by a general genetic factor influencing self-control, and four underlying biological mechanisms enabling the psychological capabilities of purpose, agency, growth, and positive social relations.
文献链接：https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2012.00787.x
