美国研究人员在最新一期《中风》（Stroke）杂志上发表最新调查说，体重超重幅度越大的人，中风的风险也越高。
美国明尼苏达大学研究人员对大约1.35万名美国中年人进行了长达19年的跟踪调查。他们测量了这些人的身高体重指数（BMI）、腰围以及腰臀比等不同的衡量肥胖程度的指标，并分析肥胖程度与中风风险之间的关联。
研究人员说，他们的统计分析显示，从整体来看，随着肥胖程度升高，中风的风险也越来越大。例如，从BMI指数来看，被调查者中，该指数处于最高一档的人要比指数处于正常范围的人中风风险高1.43倍至2.12倍。从腰围指标来看，腰围最大的人要比腰围处于正常范围内的人中风风险高1.65倍至3.19倍。
研究人员分析说，这可能是因为肥胖者出现高血压和糖尿病的风险较高，而高血压和糖尿病恰恰是出现中风以及其他心血管疾病的两大危险因素。
推荐原始出处：
Stroke on January 21, 2010
Race- and Sex-Specific Associations of Obesity Measures With Ischemic Stroke Incidence in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Hiroshi Yatsuya MD, PhD*; Aaron R. Folsom MD; Kazumasa Yamagishi MD, PhD; Kari E. North PhD; Frederick L. Brancati MD; June Stevens PhD; for the ARIC Study Investigators
From the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (H.Y., A.R.F.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn; the Department of Public Health (H.Y.), Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; the Department of Public Health Medicine (K.Y.), Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, and Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; the Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center for Genome Sciences (K.E.N.), Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; the Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology (F.L.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; and the Department of Nutrition (J.S.), Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
Background and Purpose―Studies have suggested differences in the association between obesity and ischemic stroke in black versus white populations. In this study, we explored ischemic stroke risk in relation to a variety of obesity measures by sex and race.
Methods―Using data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, we obtained information on body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio from 13 549 black and white participants who were aged 45 to 65 years between 1987 and 1989. All were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline. Incident strokes over a median follow-up of 16.9 years were ascertained from hospital records.
Results―Although crude incidence rates of ischemic stroke varied more than 3-fold by race and sex, the relationship between higher measures of obesity and ischemic stroke risk was positive and linear across all groups. The crude incidence of ischemic stroke was 1.2 per 1000 person-years for white women with the lowest body mass index, ranging up to 8.0 per 1000 person-years for black men with the highest body mass index. Hazard ratios for the highest versus lowest quintile of body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio ranged from 1.43 to 3.19, indicating increased stroke risk associated with obesity, however it was measured, even after adjustment for potential confounders. Additional adjustment for factors that may mediate the relationship, such as diabetes and hypertension, significantly attenuated the associations, suggesting that these factors may explain much of the stroke risk associated with obesity.
Conclusions―Degree of obesity, defined by body mass index, waist circumference, or waist-to-hip ratio, was a significant risk factor for ischemic stroke regardless of sex or race.
