

左翼分子思路开阔
一项富有争议的研究称:“右翼分子没有左翼分子聪明;童年智商低的人倾向于成为种族歧视者和反同性恋者。”
加拿大的学术界认为,保守政治势力往往会激起民众对其它团体的偏见。
英国开展一项大规模的调查,对15,000多人童年时的智商和成年时的政治观进行比较,作者提出低智商的人会被右翼观点所吸引,因为这些观点让他们感到安全。
据学术界称,人们是否成为种族歧视者,决定因素不是教育水平和社会地位而是内在智力。
该研究发表在《心理学科学》(Psychological Science)上,对于推理能力低的人来说,右翼思想意识引导他们形成针对其它民族和同性恋者的偏见。
研究人员称:“在别人印象和自我见识中,认知能力起到关键作用;认知能力低的人群会持有较保守的维持社会现状的右翼思想,这让他们感觉到有条理性。”
加拿大安大略省布鲁克大学的研究资料来自于1958年和1970年英国开展的2项调查,数千个儿童在10岁和11岁时被评估了智力,并在33岁时接受政治问题的问答。以1958年全国儿童发育为主题的活动调查了出生在1958年的4,267位男性和4,537位女性;英国群组研究涉及了出生在1970年的3,412位男性和3,658位女性。
儿童在成年期被问及他们是否同意这样的陈述,如“我不介意与其它种族的人一起工作”和“我不介意其它种族的一家人搬到隔壁去住”,此外,他们还被问及是否同意右翼保守思想的陈述,如“违法者严惩”和“学校教育儿童遵从权威”。
作者提到,低智商的儿童和成人往往持有右翼政见,这些保守的政见只是复杂关系的一部分,很容易引起民众偏激。

Lower Cognitive Ability Predicts Greater Prejudice Through Right-Wing Ideology and Low Intergroup Contact
Gordon Hodson and Michael A. Busseri
Despite their important implications for interpersonal behaviors and relations, cognitive abilities have been largely ignored as explanations of prejudice. We proposed and tested mediation models in which lower cognitive ability predicts greater prejudice, an effect mediated through the endorsement of right-wing ideologies (social conservatism, right-wing authoritarianism) and low levels of contact with out-groups. In an analysis of two large-scale, nationally representative United Kingdom data sets (N = 15,874), we found that lower general intelligence (g) in childhood predicts greater racism in adulthood, and this effect was largely mediated via conservative ideology. A secondary analysis of a U.S. data set confirmed a predictive effect of poor abstract-reasoning skills on antihomosexual prejudice, a relation partially mediated by both authoritarianism and low levels of intergroup contact. All analyses controlled for education and socioeconomic status. Our results suggest that cognitive abilities play a critical, albeit underappreciated, role in prejudice. Consequently, we recommend a heightened focus on cognitive ability in research on prejudice and a better integration of cognitive ability into prejudice models.
